Proximal femur includes the femoral head, neck and the region 5-cm distal to the lesser trochanter. There is a 125°–130° inclination angle between the head and neck and the femoral body. Further, there is a 15° anteversion angle between the plane passing through the condyles of the femoral head and the femur neck. To define the mechanical axis of the femur, a line is drawn from the center of the femoral head to the anatomic center of the knee [ 8 ]. The center of the femoral head can be found easily by using the Mose circle [ 8 ]. However, determining the anatomical center of the knee can be more problematic.
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What bone is proximal to the femur?
Proximally, the femur articulates with the pelvic bone. Distally, it interacts with the patella and the proximal aspect of the tibia.
Is the femur proximal to the knee?
The femur or thigh bone is found in the upper leg and is the longest bone in the body. The femur articulates proximally with the acetabulum of the pelvis to form the hip joint, and distally with the tibia and patella to form the knee joint.
How is a fracture of the proximal femur treated?
Proximal femur fractures are treated with surgery. Proximal femur fractures are treated by using IM nail or an extramedullary sliding hip screw (SHS) or hip arthroplasty methods depending on the condition of the patient or the choice of the surgeon.
What is the proximal end of the thigh bone?
The rounded, proximal end is the head of the femur, which articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. The fovea capitis is a minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head that serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur.
What is the proximal end of the femur?
The proximal end of the femur includes the: 1 femoral head 2 neck 3 trochanters 4 intertrochanteric crest 5 intertrochanteric line More …
Where is the femoral axis of the femur?
Anatomy of the Proximal Femur. Generally, the femoral axis is placed in the center of the radiographically visible proximal femur. Yoshioka et al., however, defined the axis of the femoral shaft by the center of the shaft at the subtrochanteric area and the origin of the posterior cruciate ligament.
What are the key facts about the femur?
Key facts about the femur Landmarks Proximal end – head, neck, greater troch … Joints Hip: femoral head with the acetabulum of … Blood supply Trochanteric anastomosis, cruciate anast … Disorders of the femur Neck of femur fractures, slipped capital …
What is the blood supply to the proximal femur?
Blood supply The blood supply of the proximal femur is of particular medical interest because of its susceptibility to damage. The so-called trochanteric anastomosis includes the medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries (branches of the femoral artery) along with branches of the superior and inferior gluteal arteries.
